Archive for June, 2010

Description
Plant height is 30-70, sometimes up to 120 cm. The stem is erect, and forks.

Leaves are sulgjagused up to 30 cm long and attached intermittently.

Yellow flower is bisexual, a four-cm long leaves obovate crown. The plant blooms from May to September. He is Entomophily, often bumble bee pollinating him.

The fruit is a slender kõdrataoline ampule. The flowers and the plant has caps at the same time. Seeds ripen from June. Seeds are small and black, and excrete substances that attract ants around. The ants carry the seeds away and will spread like plot.

Rhizome is a strong and forks. In autumn, the terrestrial part of the die, the plant becomes a wintering rhizomes and then again in the spring.

Will cause the separated stems, leaves and yellow caps ill-smelling toxic milk with fruit juice.

Vereurmarohust there are diploid, topeltõiega another. This is considered an aggressive taimeks and sometimes destroyed. Vereurmarohu destruction, it is sufficient if the kitkuda or before the completion of seed sprayed with poison.

Uses
Celandine is toxic. If swallowed, it causes severe mouth and throat, and kõrvetust ville. It can cause pain in the stomach and liver, nausea and convulsions. Poisoning can be serious, but the first case, it is not fatal. It is toxic to all domestic animals other than goats and pigs.

Vereurmarohu juice, milk is used, inter alia, skin diseases, particularly in the treatment of warts.

Decanted macerate plant traditionally used against domestic animals punakusesuse. People have to have infusions rinsed after washing to get rid of his coma.

Vereurmarohu path is treated with digestive diseases. To take one teaspoon of herb in a glass of boiling water, and drank one glass a day. In particular, it contributes to liver disease.

Source: http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harilik_vereurmarohi

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The black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) is a species of the genus of the nightshade (Solanum), the almost worldwide distribution and is often found as a ruderal plants. Due to the high content of alkaloids, especially in the immature berries, the plant is often categorized as a poisonous plant, however, be ripe berries and the leaves in some parts of the world used as a vegetable.

The range of the species includes all of Europe, large parts of Africa, the Middle East, India, China, Australia, New Zealand and North America. The geographic origins of the species could not yet be accurately determined. It is, however, suggested that these are in the Eurasian space, as one very good adaptation to the conditions in the Mediterranean is. Other possible areas of origin are the Middle East, India and Africa. In North America, Australia and New Zealand, the black nightshade is one of the harmful species.

The locations of the black nightshade are between 0 and 3000 meters above sea level. The species is very well adapted to different environmental conditions, but can not survive long dry periods. Often the plants on roadsides, railway embankments, hedges, to find the edge of agricultural land, water and rubbish dumps and around built up areas.

The plants are not frosttolerant, daytime temperatures 20-30 ° C offer the best growth conditions, growth at temperatures below 15 ° C and 35 ° C limited. The best light conditions for growth are at a photoperiod of 16 hours, the fruit set is significantly limited by shading, while the vegetative growth of the leaves is affected only slightly.

Already in the first century living Roman scholar Pliny the Elder mentions the way in his writings, as many subsequent plant scientists, among them Dioscorides.

A taxonomic study of the first known black nightshade and related species comes from Johann Jacob Dillen, describes four different taxa in 1732. The currently valid botanical first description of the black nightshade was in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in his “Species Plantarum” in which a total of six varieties under the name of Solanum nigrum were consolidated. In 1974 the institution designated by Linnaeus in his herbarium 248.18 as an entry specimen as the type Lektotypus set. This makes them the subspecies P. nigrum ssp. nigrum belonging, both Lektotypus plant species of nightshade (Solanum), the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae) and the order of Nachtschattenartigen (Solanales).

It was only during the revision of Solanum section Solanum introduced for the 1979 Flora Europaea 3 seem out that in Europe there are two different forms of the species in parallel. The most common form is a subspecies Solanum nigrum ssp. nigrum, the second, less frequently encountered type as Solanum nigrum ssp. classified schultesii.

Source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzer_Nachtschatten

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Description
Gardenias are shrubs or small trees. They are usually evergreen, deciduous but may be optional and have no thorns. Young branches are square. The antithetic leaves are simple and leathery. They are pedunculated or sitting. The leaf margins are smooth or serrated. Stipules are present.

The flowers are few bundles together in the leaf axils or few. The fragrant, often large, hermaphrodite, but somewhat further flowers are four-to twelve-and have a double perianth. They are pedunculated or sitting. The green sepals are fused. The petals are white to be first, then yellow and finally brown. The petals are funnel-shaped or cylindrical fused with five to twelve Kronlappen. It’s just a circle with five to nine fertile stamens present. Two carpels are fused into one inferior ovary. It is a stamp with a two-place by neunlapppigen scar. Pollination is by insects (entomophily).

The thick-walled fruit (berry or stone fruit) contains many seeds in a pulpaartigen mass.

Types (selection)
There are about 60 (to 250) Gardenia types:

* Gardenia brachythamnus (K. Schum.) Launert
* Gardenia brighamii H. Mann: A shrub or small tree height 1-6 m, which is housed in the lowlands of tropical dry forest in Hawaii.
* Gardenia carinata: home such as India.
* Gardenia cornuta: native South Africa.
* Gardenia fortunei: Domestic eastern Asia.
* Gardenia gummifera: Small trees with a height of up to 3 m in India.
* Gardenia imperialis K. Schum.: Small tree with a height of up to 12 m, the home in tropical Africa.
* Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Syn: Gardenia augusta): The home is southern China, Taiwan, Vietnam and Japan.
* Latifolia Gardenia: Shrubs or trees with height 5-10 m, India.
* Gardenia manii: Hawaii home.
* Gardenia posoquerioides S. Moore
* Gardenia Bombacaceae: Hawaii home.
* Gardenia resinifera (syn. G. lucida): shrubs or small trees with a height of up to 3 m in India.
* Gardenia Hiern resiniflua: native South Africa.
* Gardenia spatulifolia: native South Africa.
* Gardenia tahitensis DC.: Home Polynesia.
* Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonne. (Syn: G. jovis-tonantis): Trop. Africa.
* Forest-gardenia (Gardenia Thunbergia Thunb.) Shrubs or small trees with height 2-5 meters in South Africa.
* Gardenia tubifera: Small tree with a height of up to 15 m in Southeast Asia.
* Gardenia turgida: Shrubs or small trees with a height of up to 4 m in India.
* Gardenia volkensii K. Schum.: Home is the tropical Africa.
* Gardenia grandiflora: Chinese yellow pods, from Indochina, max height 3 m. With shiny green leaves and fragrant white flowers in July.

Source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardenien

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